Continuous dopaminergic stimulation (CDS) is a treatment strategy for Parkinson's disease that provides steady, round-the-clock delivery of dopaminergic medication, addressing the motor fluctuations and dyskinesias that develop with standard oral levodopa therapy[1].
Traditional oral levodopa produces fluctuating dopamine levels:
CDS approaches provide:
| Company | Product | Drug | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| AbbVie | ABBV-951 | Foslevodopa/foscarbidopa | Phase 3/Approved |
| Astellas | ND0612 | Levodopa/carbidopa | Phase 3 |
| Supernus | SPN-830 | Apomorphine | Phase 3 |
| Sunovion | Apomorphine infusion | Apomorphine | Phase 3 |
| Company | Product | Drug | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| UCB | Neupro | Rotigotine | Approved |
| Novartis | Emsam | Selegiline | Approved |
| Mitsubishi Tanabe | Azilect | Rasagiline | Approved |
| Company | Product | Mechanism | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| AbbVie | Duodopa/Duopa | Intestinal gel | Approved |
AbbVie's ABBV-951 is a subcutaneous continuous infusion of foslevodopa/foscarbidopa:
ND0612 is a subcutaneous levodopa/carbidopa infusion system:
SPN-830 provides continuous apomorphine infusion:
Neupro (rotigotine) is a transdermal dopamine agonist patch:
Some evidence suggests CDS may slow progression of motor complications through more physiological dopamine receptor stimulation.
| Product | Company | Mechanism | Stage |
|---|---|---|---|
| ABBV-951 | AbbVie | Foslevodopa infusion | Approved |
| ND0612 | Astellas | Levodopa infusion | Phase 3 |
| SPN-830 | Supernus | Apomorphine infusion | Phase 3 |
| Neupro | UCB | Rotigotine patch | Approved |
| Duodopa | AbbVie | Intestinal gel | Approved |