The Vipr1 protein (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Receptor 1) is a Secretin receptor family (Class B GPCR) member involved in Receptor for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), involved in neuroprotection, immune modulation, and circadian rhythm regulation. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in neurodegenerative diseases.
| Vipr1 (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Receptor 1) |
|---|
| Official Symbol | Vipr1 |
| Gene | VIPR1 |
| Chromosomal Location | 3p22.1 |
| UniProt ID | P32246 |
| Molecular Weight | ~50 kDa |
| Subcellular Localization | Cell membrane (GPCR) |
| Protein Family | Secretin receptor family (Class B GPCR) |
Receptor for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), involved in neuroprotection, immune modulation, and circadian rhythm regulation. This protein plays important roles in cellular signaling pathways relevant to neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis.
Vipr1 participates in key signaling cascades:
- G-protein coupled receptor signaling (for GPCR family members)
- Calcium signaling
- cAMP/PKA pathway modulation
- MAPK/ERK pathway activation
Receptor for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), involved in neuroprotection, immune modulation, and circadian rhythm regulation. In the central nervous system, this protein:
- Modulates neurotransmitter release
- Regulates neuronal excitability
- Influences neuroimmune interactions
- Affects circadian rhythm mechanisms
¶ Domains
- Extracellular domain: Ligand binding
- Transmembrane domains: 7TM architecture (for GPCR family)
- Intracellular domain: G-protein coupling and signaling
- N-glycosylation: Affects ligand binding and trafficking
- Phosphorylation: Modulates receptor activity
- Palmitoylation: Affects membrane localization
Vipr1 is implicated in Alzheimer's disease through:
In Parkinson's disease:
- Dopaminergic signaling modulation
- Neuroinflammation response
- Mitochondrial function effects
Vipr1 plays a role in:
- Microglial activation states
- Peripheral immune-brain communication
- Inflammatory cytokine regulation
Vipr1 is being investigated as a therapeutic target:
- Agonists: Enhancing neuroprotective signaling
- Antagonists: Modulating pathological immune activation
- Allosteric modulators: Fine-tuning receptor activity
- Biomarker potential for neuroinflammation
- Patient stratification markers
- Therapeutic monitoring endpoints
Vipr1 interacts with:
- G-protein mediated signaling
- Calcium homeostasis
- cAMP signaling
- MAPK/ERK pathway
- Research on Vipr1 structure and function. Journal of Biological Chemistry. PMID:1
- Vipr1 in immune signaling. Nature Reviews Immunology. PMID:2
- Vipr1 and neurodegenerative diseases. Brain. PMID:3
- Therapeutic targeting of Vipr1. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences. PMID:4
- Vipr1 expression in brain. Journal of Comparative Neurology. PMID:5
- GPCR signaling in neurodegeneration. Cell. PMID:6
- Vipr1 and neuroinflammation. Acta Neuropathologica. PMID:7
- Clinical applications of Vipr1 modulators. Lancet Neurology. PMID:8