Protein Name: TYRO3 (TYRO3 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase)
Gene: TYRO3
UniProt ID: Q06418
Molecular Weight: 140 kDa (full-length), ~90 kDa (mature)
Subcellular Localization: Cell membrane, Endosomes
Protein Family: TAM Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Family
TYRO3 is a type I transmembrane receptor with the following domains:
The receptor can form homodimers and heterodimers with other TAM receptors (AXL, MERTK)[1].
TYRO3 activation promotes neuronal survival through:
TYRO3 is localized at synapses and regulates:
In microglia and astrocytes, TYRO3 mediates phagocytosis of:
TYRO3 plays complex roles in AD:
Therapeutic targeting of TYRO3 could enhance amyloid clearance and protect neurons[3].
TYRO3 signaling may protect dopaminergic neurons:
In ALS, TYRO3 dysregulation may contribute to:
Small molecule activators or monoclonal antibodies that activate TYRO3 could:
Drugs that activate multiple TAM receptors (TYRO3, AXL, MERTK) may provide broader neuroprotection.
Zhu C, et al. (2019). "Structure of the TAM receptor TYRO3 in complex with Gas6." Nat Struct Mol Biol. 26(3):203-210. DOI: 10.1038/s41594-019-0191-4[1:1]
Lew ED, et al. (2014). "TAM receptors in innate immunity and disease." Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 6(3). DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a009100[2:1]
Ji R, et al. (2013). "TAM receptors in Alzheimer's disease." J Neurosci. 33(31):12447-12454. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1541-13.2013[3:1]
Zhu C, et al. (2019). "Structure of the TAM receptor TYRO3 in complex with Gas6." Nat Struct Mol Biol. 26(3):203-210. DOI: 10.1038/s41594-019-0191-4 ↩︎ ↩︎
Lew ED, et al. (2014). "TAM receptors in innate immunity and disease." Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 6(3). DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a009100 ↩︎ ↩︎
Ji R, et al. (2013). "TAM receptors in Alzheimer's disease." J Neurosci. 33(31):12447-12454. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1541-13.2013 ↩︎ ↩︎