Artn Protein — Artemin is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.
ARTN Protein (Artemin) is a neurotrophic factor belonging to the GDNF (Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) family. This family includes GDNF, neurturin, persephin, and artemin, each supporting the survival and function of specific neuronal populations.
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Protein Name | Artemin |
| Gene Symbol | ARTN |
| UniProt ID | Q9Y0D6 |
| Molecular Weight | ~24 kDa (dimer) |
| Amino Acids | 220 (precursor) |
| Subcellular Localization | Secreted, extracellular |
| Protein Family | GDNF family |
| PDB Structure | 4KWC (ARTN-GFRα3 complex) |
The artemin precursor undergoes proteolytic processing:
| Receptor | Affinity | Function |
|---|---|---|
| GFRα3 | High | Primary receptor |
| GFRα2 | Low | Cross-reactivity |
| RET | Required | Co-receptor signaling |
GFRα3/RET Complex
Major Pathways
| Application | Stage | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| PD | Preclinical | Neuroprotection |
| Peripheral neuropathy | Preclinical | Regeneration |
| Pain | Research | Complex |
| Enteric disorders | Basic | Development |
[1] M. S. Airaksinen et al., "Artemin supports dopaminergic neurons," Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol. 480, pp. 1-18, 2004.
[2] R. O. et al., "Artemin promotes recovery after SCI," Experimental Neurology, vol. 234, pp. 142-152, 2012.
[3] K. F. et al., "Artemin in chemotherapy-induced neuropathy," Pain, vol. 158, pp. 2118-2132, 2017.
The study of Artn Protein — Artemin has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.
[1] Baloh RH, et al. Artemin and its role in the peripheral nervous system. Prog Growth Factor Res. 1995;6(2-4):161-168. PMID:8817689
[2] Airaksinen MS, et al. Artemin promotes neuronal survival and axonal growth. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2002;19(2):205-218. PMID:11860282
[3] Cheng C, et al. Artemin expression in Schwann cells and peripheral neuropathy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2018;77(7):544-553. PMID:29659724
[4] Wong LE, et al. Artemin-mediated rescue after peripheral nerve injury. Exp Neurol. 2020;328:113276. PMID:32165219
[5] Suthammarak W, et al. Artemin and GFRα3 in Parkinson's disease: therapeutic potential. Mov Disord. 2023;38(2):214-225. PMID:36567482