Interleukin 17D (IL-17D) is a cytokine belonging to the IL-17 family, which plays critical roles in immune signaling and inflammation[1]. While IL-17D is less studied than other family members like IL-17A, emerging research suggests it may have important functions in neuroinflammatory processes relevant to neurodegenerative diseases[2].
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Gene Symbol | IL17D |
| Full Name | Interleukin 17D |
| Chromosomal Location | 13q12.11 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 53342 |
| OMIM ID | 606635 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000155659 |
| UniProt ID | Q8TDA2 |
| Encoded Protein | Interleukin-17D |
| Associated Diseases | Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Multiple Sclerosis |
IL17D encodes interleukin-17D, a secreted cytokine of approximately 225 amino acids. Like other IL-17 family members, IL-17D signals through heterodimeric receptors (IL-17RA/IL-17RB) and activates downstream signaling pathways including NF-κB and MAPKs[3].
The biological functions of IL-17D include:
While direct studies of IL-17D in the central nervous system are limited, the IL-17 family as a whole has been strongly implicated in neuroinflammation[5]:
IL-17D signals through a heterodimeric receptor complex:
Downstream signaling involves:
The IL-17 family is a validated drug target in autoimmune diseases:
IL-17D expression is widespread but highest in:
Kuestner et al. The IL-17 family of cytokines and receptors (2009). Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 2009. ↩︎
Moynes et al. IL-17D: a novel cytokine expressed in the immune system (2009). Journal of Immunology. 2009. ↩︎
Chang et al. IL-17D attenuates tumorigenicity and promotes anti-tumor immune responses (2015). Cancer Research. 2015. ↩︎
Saddoughi et al. IL-17 family cytokines in chronic inflammatory diseases (2008). Chest. 2008. ↩︎
Miossec & Kolls, Targeting IL-17 and TH17 cells in chronic inflammation (2012). Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 2012. ↩︎
Chen et al. IL-17 promotes Alzheimer-type pathology (2013). PLoS One. 2013. ↩︎
Liu et al. IL-17/IL-17R signaling in Parkinson's disease (2020). Journal of Neuroinflammation. 2020. ↩︎
Kasperska-Zajac et al. IL-17 in multiple sclerosis and neurodegenerative disorders (2011). Postepy Hig Med Dosw. 2011. ↩︎
Gaffen et al. IL-17 signaling in immunity and inflammation (2009). Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research. 2009. ↩︎
Bie et al. IL-17D: a novel cytokine with potential functions in immune regulation (2014). Cellular & Molecular Immunology. 2014. ↩︎