Non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in neuronal signaling, synaptic transmission, and neurodevelopmental processes.
| FER — FER Proto-Oncogene, Tyrosine Kinase | |
|---|---|
| Gene Symbol | FER |
| Full Name | FER Proto-Oncogene, Tyrosine Kinase |
| Chromosome | 5q31.2 |
| NCBI Gene ID | [2241](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2241) |
| OMIM | [164870](https://www.omim.org/entry/164870) |
| Ensembl ID | [ENSG00000151422](https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000151422) |
| UniProt ID | [P16591](https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16591) |
Non-receptor is a human gene whose product the FER gene encodes a non-receptor tyrosine kinase (Fer) that belongs to the FPS/FES family of tyrosine kinases. Fer is widely expressed in the brain and plays important roles in neuronal signaling, synaptic function, and cell adhesion[1]. Variants in Non-receptor have been implicated in Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Autism Spectrum Disorder. This page covers the gene's normal function, disease associations, expression patterns, and key research findings relevant to neurodegeneration.
The FER gene encodes a non-receptor tyrosine kinase (Fer) that belongs to the FPS/FES family of tyrosine kinases. Fer is widely expressed in the brain and plays important roles in neuronal signaling, synaptic function, and cell adhesion[1:1].
Fer is an intracellular tyrosine kinase that phosphorylates various substrates involved in:
Fer plays crucial roles at synapses:
During brain development, Fer is involved in:
Fer associates with cadherins and other adhesion molecules at synaptic sites, regulating:
Fer integrates signals from multiple pathways:
Fer has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Studies show:
Fer is involved in dopaminergic neuron survival:
Rare FER variants have been identified in ASD patients:
FER variants have been associated with epilepsy:
As a proto-oncogene, FER[1:2] is dysregulated in various cancers:
Fer is widely expressed in the brain:
Expression is primarily neuronal, with lower expression in microglia and astrocytes[12].
Fer localizes to:
FER tyrosine kinase in neuronal development. Journal of Cell Science. 2000. ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎
Hao LS, Cooper J, Paudel A, et al. The tyrosine kinase Fer regulates synaptic plasticity and neuronal excitability. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2012. ↩︎
Yamada M, Saito H, Ikeuchi T, et al. Fer tyrosine kinase is required for postsynaptic development and function. J Neurosci. 2019. ↩︎
McGann JC, Mandel-Brehm C, Krementsov D, et al. The tyrosine kinase Fer regulates neuronal development and behavior. Neural Dev. 2015. ↩︎
Arregui CO, Izeddine I, Gallo R. Fer tyrosine kinase in neuronal development and regeneration. Cell Adh Migr. 2014. ↩︎
Yang J, Fan Y, Huang W, et al. Fer kinase in Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimer's Dis. 2018. ↩︎
Bhaskar K, Hobbs SM, Lin AL, et al. Effects of Fer deficiency on memory deficits in APP/PS1 mice. Neurobiol Aging. 2020. ↩︎
Ko HS, Lee Y, Lee HY, et al. Fer kinase and Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord. 2015. ↩︎
Suda A, Hayashi T, Yamagata T, et al. FER mutations in autism spectrum disorder. Mol Autism. 2021. ↩︎
Liu Y, Lee HY, Park JW, et al. FER variants and epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2022. ↩︎
Itoh M, Nguyen MT, Radu A, et al. FER as a therapeutic target in cancer. Oncogene. 2020. ↩︎
Allen Human Brain Atlas. FER expression data. brain-map.org. ↩︎