Gene SymbolCXCL1
Full NameC-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 1 (Growth-Regulated Oncogene)
Chromosomal Location4q21
Ensembl IDENSG00000163425
Associated DiseasesNeuroinflammation, Rheumatoid Arthritis
The CXCL1 gene encodes growth-regulated oncogene (GRO) alpha, a member of the C-X-C chemokine family. CXCL1 is a pro-inflammatory chemokine that signals through the CXCR2 receptor and plays important roles in inflammation, wound healing, and tumor growth [1].
CXCL1 is produced by various cell types including neutrophils, macrophages, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells in response to inflammatory stimuli [2].
CXCL1 functions as:
- Chemotaxis: Attracts neutrophils to sites of inflammation
- Cell Proliferation: Promotes fibroblast and keratinocyte proliferation
- Angiogenesis: Induces endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis
- Pain Modulation: Contributes to inflammatory pain through CXCR2 signaling
- Neuroinflammation: Elevated in various neuroinflammatory conditions
- Rheumatoid Arthritis: High CXCL1 levels in synovial fluid
- Cancer: Promotes tumor growth and metastasis
- Inflammatory tissues: Upregulated at sites of inflammation
- Brain: Expressed by microglia and astrocytes
- Various tissues: Wide expression pattern
- Brenchley et al., CXCL1/KC in inflammation (2006)
- Zlotnik et al., Chemokine networks (2006)
- Gulley et al., CXCL1 and cancer (2007)
- Raman et al., CXCL1 in neuroinflammation (2011)
- O'Connor et al., CXC chemokines in brain (2005)
- Stadtmann et al., CXCR2 ligands in immunity (2015)
- Lee et al., CXCL1 in glial activation (2008)
- Glass et al., Chemokines in neurodegenerative disease (2010)