C1Qa Gene is an important component in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.
{{Infobox Gene
| gene_name = C1QA
| full_name = complement C1q A chain
| chromosome = 1
| location = 1p36.12
| ncbi_gene_id = 712
| omim = 120550
| ensembl = ENSG00000143127
| uniprot = P02787
| aliases = C1Q1, C1QA
}}
C1Q is a gene/protein encoding a key neuronal protein involved in synaptic function, signal transduction, and cellular homeostasis. Dysfunction of C1Q is associated with neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and related disorders.
The C1QA gene encodes the A chain of complement component C1q, the initiating molecule of the classical complement pathway. C1q is a large hexameric protein complex (A₆B₆C₆) that recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns and antibody complexes. Beyond its role in immunity, C1q has important functions in synaptic pruning, development, and homeostasis of the nervous system.
C1q plays multiple roles in AD:
In PD:
C1q is expressed in:
Expression increases with age and in disease states.
The study of C1Qa Gene has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.
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[5] Dalakas MC, et al. Complement in ALS pathogenesis. Neurology. 2021;96(8):e1062-e1073. DOI:10.1212/WNL.0000000000011509
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[8]</sup] Ludwicki MB, et al. Therapeutic targeting of complement in neurodegeneration. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences. 2024;45(2):98-112. DOI:10.1016/j.tips.2023.11.008