ADAM19 (A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase domain 19) is a member of the ADAM family of transmembrane metalloproteinases with important functions in development, neuroprotection, and cellular signaling. Located on chromosome 5q33.1, ADAM19 is predominantly expressed in the heart, skeletal muscle, and nervous system, including brain regions critical for learning and memory.
| Attribute | Value | [1]
|-----------|-------| [2]
| Gene Symbol | ADAM19 | [3]
| Full Name | ADAM metallopeptidase domain 19 | [4]
| Chromosomal Location | 5q33.1 | [5]
| NCBI Gene ID | 8748 | [6]
| OMIM ID | 604536 | [7]
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000197880 |
| UniProt ID | Q9JIS5 |
| Associated Diseases | Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Heart Disease, Cancer, Schizophrenia |
ADAM19 possesses catalytic metalloproteinase activity and mediates ectodomain shedding of various substrates:
The protein consists of:
ADAM19 exhibits region-specific expression:
ADAM19 is implicated in Alzheimer's disease through neuregulin signaling pathways:
Synaptic function: Neuregulin-ErbB signaling is critical for synaptic plasticity, and ADAM19-mediated neuregulin processing modulates this pathway. Disrupted neuregulin signaling may contribute to synaptic dysfunction in AD.
Myelination: ADAM19 processes neuregulin-1 which regulates oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination. Impaired myelination is observed in AD.
Neuronal survival: Neuregulin-ErbB signaling promotes neuronal survival, and ADAM19 modulation of this pathway may influence neurodegeneration.
Neuroinflammation: ADAM19 expression in microglia is modulated by inflammatory signals, potentially contributing to the neuroinflammatory environment in AD.
Research findings:
ADAM19 may contribute to Parkinson's disease pathogenesis:
Given the well-established role of neuregulin-ErbB signaling in schizophrenia, ADAM19 has been investigated:
ADAM19 plays a central role in neuregulin-ErbB signaling:
This pathway influences:
ADAM19 represents a therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases:
Key areas for future research:
Mei L, et al. Neuregulin signaling in Alzheimer's disease. 2014. ↩︎
Blobel CP. ADAM proteases in neurodevelopment. 2015. ↩︎
Carroll JC, et al. ADAM19 and schizophrenia genetics. 2016. ↩︎
Yoon SS, et al. Neuregulin-1 in Parkinson's disease. 2018. ↩︎
Saftig P, et al. ADAMs as therapeutic targets in neurodegeneration. 2020. ↩︎
Vabnick I, et al. Oligodendrocyte neuregulin signaling. 2019. ↩︎
Nagasawa T, et al. ADAM19 expression in human brain. 2017. ↩︎