¶ Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Unfolded Protein Response in Neurodegeneration
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress And Unfolded Protein Response In Neurodegeneration is an important cell type in the neurobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. This page provides detailed information about its structure, function, and role in disease processes.
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the site of protein folding, lipid synthesis, and calcium storage. ER stress triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR), which can be protective or lead to apoptosis when stress is prolonged. Chronic ER stress is a key mechanism in neurodegenerative diseases.
- IRE1α/β: ER transmembrane sensor
- XBP1 splicing: Transcription factor
- RIDD: mRNA decay
- eIF2α phosphorylation: Translation attenuation
- ATF4: Proapoptotic factor
- CHOP: Apoptosis mediator
- ATF6α/β: Transcription factors
- Golgi processing: Proteolytic cleavage
- ER chaperones: XBP1 cooperation
- Aβ production: ER stress induction
- Tau pathology: UPR activation
- Synaptic dysfunction: Calcium dysregulation
- LRRK2: ER stress response
- α-synuclein: ER export disruption
- DJ-1: ER stress protection
- SOD1 mutations: Misfolding stress
- TDP-43: ER stress induction
- C9orf72: ER-Golgi transport
- IRE1 inhibitors: XBP1 splicing
- PERK inhibitors: eIF2α
- CHOP inhibitors: Apoptosis
- Chemical chaperones: TUDCA
- Gene therapy: Chaperone expression
- Pharmacological: Proteostasis enhancers
The study of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress And Unfolded Protein Response In Neurodegeneration has evolved significantly over the past decades. Research in this area has revealed important insights into the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration and continues to drive therapeutic development.
Historical context and key discoveries in this field have shaped our current understanding and will continue to guide future research directions.
- Hetz & Mollereau, Disturbance of ER proteostasis in neurodegeneration (2014)
- Dixon et al., The UPR in Parkinson's disease (2019)
- Rojas-Charquero & Quintanilla, ER stress in ALS (2020)